{"id":3880,"date":"2017-12-07T16:00:20","date_gmt":"2017-12-07T16:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/shukalb.al\/?p=1850"},"modified":"2017-12-07T16:00:20","modified_gmt":"2017-12-07T16:00:20","slug":"english-price-and-affordability-of-wastewater-treatment-service","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/?p=3880&lang=en","title":{"rendered":"Price and Affordability of Wastewater Treatment Service"},"content":{"rendered":"

[:sq]Autori: Z. Ndri\u00e7im Shani, Kryetar, Enti Rregullator i Sektorit t\u00eb Furnizimit me Uj\u00eb
\ndhe Largimit e P\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb Uj\u00ebrave t\u00eb Ndotura<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Impianti<\/a>
Impianti i Trajtimit t\u00eb Uj\u00ebrave t\u00eb Ndotura, Uj\u00ebsjell\u00ebs Kanalizime Durr\u00ebs<\/em>
Foto nga SHUKALB<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi sektori i Largimit dhe Trajtimit t\u00eb Uj\u00ebrave t\u00eb Ndotura konsiderohet si dyt\u00ebsor p\u00ebr nga r\u00ebnd\u00ebsia. Sistemet e KUN i gjen kryesisht n\u00eb zonat urbane dhe vet\u00ebm 34\/58 shoq\u00ebri jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse edhe p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimet e UN. Rrjetet e grumbullimit te UN jan\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb teknologjie t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr me tuba betoni q\u00eb lejon infiltrime, pa pjerr\u00ebsin\u00eb e duhur dhe b\u00ebhen shpesh subjekt bllokimi. Mjaft nga sistemet e KUN jan\u00eb t\u00eb kompromentuara duke mos u ndar\u00eb nga uj\u00ebrat e shiut, gj\u00eb q\u00eb sjell pranin\u00eb e er\u00ebrave t\u00eb r\u00ebnda, dhe n\u00eb raste t\u00eb shirave t\u00eb dendur (gj\u00eb qe po ndodh shpesh) uj\u00ebrat e p\u00ebrziera t\u00eb ndotura urbane v\u00ebrshojn\u00eb rrug\u00ebve t\u00eb qyteteve. Zhvendosja e popullsis\u00eb rurale n\u00eb zon\u00ebn urbane dhe bum-i i nd\u00ebrtimeve n\u00eb qytet shpesh nuk i p\u00ebrgjigjet infrastruktur\u00ebs aktuale, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e mir\u00eb t\u00eb s\u00eb cilave rezultojn\u00eb t\u00eb n\u00ebndimensionuara.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr trajtimin e UN kemi ITUN me kapacitet mbi 2.000 ekuivalent banor\u00eb n\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00eb, Pogradec, Durr\u00ebs, Lezh\u00eb-Sh\u00ebngjin, Sarand\u00eb, Kavaj\u00eb, Velipoj\u00eb dhe Orikum. Aktualisht \u00ebsht\u00eb duke u rikonstruktuar ITUN ne Vlore dhe po nd\u00ebrtohet nj\u00eb i ri p\u00ebr Tiran\u00ebn. Operimi i ITUN ka probleme me nivelin e kualifikimit t\u00eb stafit t\u00eb tyre, munges\u00ebn e nj\u00eb strategjie dhe programi t\u00eb manaxhimit t\u00eb aseteve, t\u00eb inventarit disponib\u00ebl t\u00eb pjes\u00ebve t\u00eb domosdoshme rezerv\u00eb etj.<\/p>\n

Niveli i sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb KUN konstatohet edhe nga pesha prej 15% q\u00eb z\u00ebn\u00eb kostot e O&M t\u00eb UN kundrejt atyre prej 85% t\u00eb uj\u00ebsjell\u00ebsit ndaj totalit t\u00eb shpenzimeve t\u00eb operimit t\u00eb shoq\u00ebrive UK. M\u00eb specifikisht p\u00ebr shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb ITUN k\u00ebto raporte vler\u00ebsohen 24% sektori UN kundrejt 76% t\u00eb sektorit t\u00eb uj\u00ebsjell\u00ebsit, nd\u00ebrsa shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb ITUN k\u00ebt\u00eb raport e kan\u00eb p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht rreth 5% me 95%.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb Europ\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht k\u00ebto raporte jan\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrta krahasuar me vendin ton\u00eb, ku kostot e sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb KUN (grumbullim dhe trajtim) p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb 60%-70% t\u00eb kostove totale, nd\u00ebrsa ato t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb uj\u00ebsjell\u00ebsit z\u00ebn\u00eb rreth 30%-40% t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n

Shifrat e m\u00ebsip\u00ebrme jan\u00eb tregues i cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb dob\u00ebt t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb sektorit t\u00eb UN, si dhe i nevoj\u00ebs s\u00eb madhe p\u00ebr investime q\u00eb ka ky sektor p\u00ebr rritjen e cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve ndaj konsumatorit dhe respektimin e k\u00ebrkesave p\u00ebr ruajtjen e ambientit n\u00eb \u00a0p\u00ebrmbushje te Direktiv\u00ebs Kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb p\u00ebr Ujin 2000\/60\/EC.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fakt nevojat p\u00ebr investime n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi p\u00ebr sektorin e uj\u00ebsjell\u00ebs kanalizimeve jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuara n\u00eb shkalle vendi n\u00eb Master Planin Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Sektorit UK hartuar n\u00eb vitin 2011. Nevojat p\u00ebr investime kapitale p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sektorin e ujit p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb 25 vje\u00e7are vler\u00ebsohen rreth 6 miliard Euro, dhe n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti p\u00ebr Uj\u00ebrat e Ndotura, p\u00ebr mbledhjen, largimin dhe trajtimin n\u00eb impiante pastrimi nevojiten rreth 4 miliard Euro.<\/p>\n

Strategjia Komb\u00ebtare e Financimit t\u00eb Sektorit t\u00eb Ujit me an\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb modeli 3T (Tarifa, Transferta Donatoresh, Taksa-Buxheti nga qeveria qendrore) parashikon realizimin e k\u00ebtyre investimeve me nj\u00eb mesatare prej rreth 170 milion Euro n\u00eb vit p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb kohe 22 vje\u00e7are deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2040. Skema e financimit parashikon q\u00eb nga rritja e tarifave t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrballohen mesatarisht \u00e7do vit rreth 40-50% e vler\u00ebs totale t\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs p\u00ebr investime kapitale. Theksohet fakti q\u00eb rritja e pritshme e tarifave p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar objektivat dhe investimet e m\u00ebsip\u00ebrme do t\u00eb konsistoj\u00eb n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe p\u00ebr mbulimin e kostove t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb KUN (grumbullim, largim dhe trajtim te UN).<\/p>\n

Kuptohet ky p\u00ebrfundim \u00ebsht\u00eb arritur nga nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb e holl\u00ebsishme e p\u00ebrballueshm\u00ebris\u00eb reale t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb paguar faturat q\u00eb do t\u00eb rezultojn\u00eb nga niveli i rritur i tarifave p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar kontributin e konsumator\u00ebve n\u00eb financimin e investimeve fizike.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fakt problemi i p\u00ebrballueshmeris\u00eb s\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb tarifave paraqitet disi delikat p\u00ebr t’u trajtuar sepse rritja e tyre konsiderohet n\u00eb mjaft raste politikisht e pamundshme ose e papranueshme.<\/p>\n

B\u00ebr\u00ebsit e politikave akoma nuk e pranojn\u00eb se sh\u00ebrbimet e furnizimit me uj\u00eb t\u00eb pijsh\u00ebm dhe KUN jan\u00eb sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb karakterit komercial si energjia elektrike dhe telefonia, por p\u00ebrmendin argumentin e problemit social n\u00eb p\u00ebrballueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e pages\u00ebs s\u00eb tarifave nga popullsia.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb mjaft e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebrgatitja p\u00ebr vendimmarr\u00ebsit e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave mbi t\u00eb ardhurat, si dhe shpenzimet e familjeve p\u00ebr ujin dhe p\u00ebrballueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb ato t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb dallojn\u00eb q\u00eb rezistenca ndaj rritjes s\u00eb tarif\u00ebs q\u00ebndron p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb p\u00ebrballueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb pages\u00ebs (e matshme), apo p\u00ebr shkaqe politike dhe\/ose sociale (jo e matshme). Ky informacion \u00ebsht\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm edhe p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e mekanizmave t\u00eb mbrojtjes sociale.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb gjithashtu mjaft e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme sqarimi i lidhjes nd\u00ebrmjet tarif\u00ebs dhe nivelit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit. Konsumator\u00ebt n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi pranojn\u00eb rritjen e tarifave kur perceptojn\u00eb se sh\u00ebrbimi \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar. Kombinimi i te dyjave \u00ebsht\u00eb strategjia m\u00eb e mir\u00eb, por qe jo gjithmon\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundshme. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye duhet k\u00ebputur rrethi vicioz q\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht realizohet duke k\u00ebrkuar paraprakisht rritje t\u00eb tarifave t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb fondeve p\u00ebr investimet kapitale n\u00eb sektor q\u00eb do t\u00eb sjell\u00eb m\u00eb tej rritjen graduale t\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve. Rritja e tarifave nga investimet duhet shoq\u00ebruar me nj\u00eb proces komunikimi t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm me publikun p\u00ebr ta informuar dhe nd\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsuar at\u00eb p\u00ebr r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe domosdoshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e kontributit t\u00eb tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbuluar kostot e k\u00ebrkuara p\u00ebr rritjen e cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb UK.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohen m\u00ebnyrat dhe mekanizmat e qarta t\u00eb komunikimit me to. Duhet theksuar fakti se nga shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb e UK dhe aktor\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb sektorit b\u00ebhet shum\u00eb pak n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb informimit publik p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimet e UN. Duket sikur interesi mbaron deri n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet e furnizimit me uj\u00eb, dhe nuk flitet fare p\u00ebr problemet, r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe kostot p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim korrekt te UN, dmth, grumbullimi, largimi dhe trajtimi i tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur ambientin dhe sh\u00ebndetin e njer\u00ebzve. Informimi i Publikut p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb nga sfidat q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb mbahet parasysh nga shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb UK dhe aktor\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs, jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb m\u00eb aktiv, por edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb parashikuar buxhetet e nevojshme p\u00ebr to.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar nga ana sasiore problemin e p\u00ebrballueshmeria s\u00eb pages\u00ebs s\u00eb tarifave, n\u00ebse i referohemi \u00a0Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore dhe KE ato kan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur si kriter p\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar p\u00ebrballueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb konsumin mujor p\u00ebr person prej 3m3<\/sup> (ose 100 litra\/dite\/person), dhe nj\u00eb nivel p\u00ebrballueshm\u00ebrie 4% t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave mesatare t\u00eb nj\u00eb familjeje. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vler\u00ebsim p\u00ebrjashtohet shtresa n\u00eb nevoj\u00eb e popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb varf\u00ebri ekstreme q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebn rreth 2.5% t\u00eb totalit t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Enti Rregullator i Ujit (ERRU) p\u00ebrdor si kriter p\u00ebr p\u00ebrballueshmerin\u00eb e pages\u00ebs s\u00eb fatur\u00ebs s\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve UK, vler\u00ebn prej 5% t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave mesatare t\u00eb nj\u00eb familjeje.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb rang vendi t\u00eb ardhurat mujore mesatare t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb nj\u00eb familje (pa p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb 10% t\u00eb shtres\u00ebs s\u00eb pasur) vler\u00ebsohen rreth 70,000 Lek\/muaj, q\u00eb i korrespondon nj\u00eb mesatare t\u00eb p\u00ebrballueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb tarifave mesatare t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb UK prej rreth 300 Lek\/m3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebto vlera tregojn\u00eb se ka shum\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb ne drejtim te aft\u00ebsis\u00eb paguese p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar rritjen e tarifave. Ne k\u00ebt\u00eb vler\u00ebsim jan\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur dhe konkluzionet e strategjis\u00eb se financimit\u00a0 t\u00eb sektorit (3T) p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb nevojave p\u00ebr investime (rreth 40-50% e tyre) me an\u00eb t\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb tarifave.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fakt INSTAT ne vitin 2014 ka realizuar llogaritjen e t\u00eb ardhurave p\u00ebr shtresa t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb detajuar duke i ndar\u00eb ato n\u00eb 10%-sha (decila). N\u00ebse p\u00ebr p\u00ebrballueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb do t\u00eb konsiderojm\u00eb pjes\u00ebn prej 10% te shtres\u00ebs s\u00eb varf\u00ebr t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb (jo at\u00eb n\u00eb nevoj\u00eb), niveli i p\u00ebrballueshmeris\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb shtrese i p\u00ebrgjigjet nj\u00eb tarife mesatare t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve prej rreth 130 Lek\/m3<\/sup>, tarifa t\u00eb cilat aktualisht jan\u00eb ne kufi ose tejkaluar pak vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb UK t\u00eb qyteteve t\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Durr\u00ebsit. Ne fakt Kor\u00e7a e ka t\u00eb tejkaluar problemin e mbulimit t\u00eb nevojave p\u00ebr investime, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb Durr\u00ebsi me tarifat q\u00eb aplikon \u00ebsht\u00eb akoma n\u00eb faz\u00ebn e mbulimit vet\u00ebm t\u00eb shpenzimeve t\u00eb O&M.<\/p>\n

Trajtimi i problemit t\u00eb p\u00ebrballueshm\u00ebris\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat mujore t\u00eb \u00e7do familje duke i konsideruar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb me te detajuar shtresat e ndryshme te popullsis\u00eb sipas 10%-shave, dhe sipas \u00e7do qarku, \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00ebnyra m\u00eb objektive e vler\u00ebsimit t\u00eb tij, m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e cila jep nj\u00eb tablo m\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb edhe te reagimit t\u00eb pritsh\u00ebm nga publiku kur propozohet rritja e tarifave, si dhe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb politikave sociale nga qeveria qendrore dhe ajo lokale. Nga disponibiliteti i k\u00ebtyre t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave do t\u00eb varet n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen edhe kriteri i p\u00ebrballueshmeris\u00eb q\u00eb ERRU do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb n\u00eb metodologjin\u00eb e saj p\u00ebr aprovimin e tarifave t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb uj\u00ebsjell\u00ebs kanalizimeve t\u00eb uj\u00ebrave t\u00eb ndotura.[:en]Author: Mr. Ndricim Shani, Chair, Albanian Regulatory Authority of the Water Supply and Waste Water Disposal and Treatment Sector<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Wastewater<\/a>
Wastewater Treatment Plant of Durres WSS Company.<\/em>
Photo Credit: SHUKALB<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Generally the Wastewater Collection and Treatment Sector is considered of secondary importance. Sewerage systems are mainly found in urban areas and only 34 out of 58 water companies are responsible for wastewater services. Wastewater collection networks are old, made of concrete pipelines which are prone of infiltration, lack proper sloping and often become subject to blockages. Majority of the sewerage collection systems are combined and collect wastewater together with rainwater. As a result they are subject of heavy odours and, in case of heavy rains (often occurring) the mixed urban and rain wastewater floods the streets of our towns and cities. The relocation of the rural population to the urban area and the construction boom in cities often does not respond to the current sewerage infrastructure, a good part of which results to be under-dimensioned.<\/p>\n

For wastewater treatment, we have WWTPs with a capacity of over 2,000 resident equivalents in Kor\u00e7a, Pogradec, Durr\u00ebs, Lezh\u00eb-Sh\u00ebngjin, Sarand\u00eb, Kavaj\u00eb, Velipoj\u00eb and Orikum. The WWTP of Vlora is currently under reconstruction, while a new plant will be built in Tirana as well. There are problems with the operation of these WWTP, because of the staff level of qualification, lack of a strategy and an asset management program, of an inventory of the available spare parts, etc.<\/p>\n

The level and importance of the sewer services can also be determined by the weight it covers in the O&M cost of the WSS Company. Wastewater collection services cover only 15% of the O&M costs while water supply services with cover 85% of the total operating costs. More specifically, in WSS companies that have wastewater treatment plants wastewater sector cover 24% for the O&M cost versus 76% that is cover for the water supply sector, while in companies that do not have wastewater treatment plans such ratio is about 5% with 95%.<\/p>\n

In Europe, these ratios are generally opposite compared to our country, because the wastewater services (collection and treatment) account for 60% -70% of total costs, while the water supply services account for about 30% – 40% of such costs.<\/p>\n

The above figures are indicative of the poor quality of the wastewater services and of the high investment that are needed in this sector aiming to increase the service quality and fulfil the environmental protection requirements forced by the EU Water Framework Directive 2000\/60\/EC.<\/p>\n

In fact, the overall investment needs for the water supply and sewerage sector are defined nationwide in the National Water Supply and Sewage Sector Master Plan, drafted in 2011. The capital investment needs for the entire water sector for a 25-year period are estimated to be approximate EUR 6 billion, of which EUR 4 billion are estimated to be needed for wastewater collection and treatment.<\/p>\n

The National Water Sector Financing Strategy, through a 3T model (Tariffs, Donor Transfers, Tax-Budget from Central Government) foresees the implementation of these investments with an average value of about EUR 170 million per year for a period of 22 years, till the end of 2040. This financing scheme foresees that 40-50% of the total value of the capital investment demand will be covered by the increase of the service tariffs. It needs to be emphasized that the expected increase in tariffs, to achieve the above objectives and investments, will largely be used to cover the cost of wastewater services (collection, and treatment).<\/p>\n

The above conclusion is reached by a detailed analysis of the real affordability power of the population to pay the bills with the increased tariffs, in order to estimate the afford the customer’s contribution in the financing of physical investments<\/p>\n

In fact, the problem of affordability of increased tariffs is somewhat delicate to handle, because increase of taxes is considered politically impossible, or unacceptable.<\/p>\n

Policy makers still do not accept that drinking water and wastewater services are commercial services, just like electricity and telephone, point out the argument of the social problem in the affordability of tariff payments by the population.<\/p>\n

It is crucial to prepare some data about the level of incomes, as well as household spending on water, and their affordability, for the decision makers, so they can distinguish that the resistance to the increase of the tariffs is due to affordability of payment (measurable), or to political and social reasons (not measurable). This information is required to develop social protection mechanisms.<\/p>\n

It is also important to clarify the relationship between tariffs and the level of service. Consumers do generally accept higher tariffs when they perceive the service improvements. Combining both is the best strategy, but this is not always possible. For this reason, it is necessary to break the vicious circle that is generally realised by requiring in advance the increase of utility tariffs to cover a part of the budged needed for the capital investment in the sector, which will lead to a gradual increase of the services quality. The increase in tariffs due to the investments should be followed by a continuous public communication process to inform and raise awareness on the importance and necessity of their contribution to cover the costs required for better quality water supply and sewage services.<\/p>\n

For this purpose is necessary to develop clear ways and mechanisms of communication with the consumers. It should be emphasized that the water supply and sewage companies and other actors in the sector do very little to inform the public about the wastewater services. It seems that they are focused only in water supply services, and there is no discussion about the problems, importance and costs of proper wastewater services, such as collection and treatment, to protect the environment and human health. Public Information is a challenge that must be taken into account by the water supply and sewage companies and other responsible actors, not only being more active, but also for the purposes of budget forecasts.<\/p>\n

To quantitatively assess the tariff payment affordability, the World Bank and the EC, have used as assessment criteria the monthly consumption 3 m3<\/sup> per person (or 100 litres\/day\/person), and the level of affordability of 4% of average household income. The assessment excludes the population in extreme poverty, which accounts for about 2.5% of the total population.<\/p>\n

The Water Regulatory Authority (WRA) uses as an assessment criteria for the affordability, the value of 5% of the average household income.<\/p>\n

At country level, the average monthly household income (excluding the 10% of the rich population) is estimated at about 70,000 ALL per month, corresponding to an average tariff of about 300 ALL\/m3<\/sup>. These values show that there is a lot of room for solvency to cope with the increased tariffs. This assessment also supports the conclusions of the Sector Financing Strategy (3T) on covering a considerable part of the needs for investment (about 40-50% of them) by the increased tariffs.<\/p>\n

In 2014, INSTAT has calculated the income per capita in more details by dividing them into 10% (deciles). If for the affordability we would consider the 10% of the poorest population (not the population in need), the affordability level for this layer corresponds to an average service tariff of about 130 ALL\/m3<\/sup>, this tariff is at border of slightly exceeded only by the Kor\u00e7a and Durres WSS companies. In fact, Kor\u00e7a WSS Company has overcome the problem of investment needs coverage, while Durres WSS Company covers only the O&M spending.<\/p>\n

Addressing the affordability problem based on the monthly income of each household, by considering in more detail the different population groups according to 10% deciles and each region, is the most objective method of evaluation. This method gives a clear picture of the public’s expected reaction from the public when tariff increases will be proposed, as well as for building social policies by Central and Local Government. In the future, availability of such data will be the background for determining the affordability criterion of the WRA in its methodology for approving the tariffs of water supply and wastewater services.[:]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[:sq]Autori: Z. Ndri\u00e7im Shani, Kryetar, Enti Rregullator i Sektorit t\u00eb Furnizimit me Uj\u00eb dhe Largimit e P\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb Uj\u00ebrave t\u00eb Ndotura N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi sektori i Largimit dhe Trajtimit t\u00eb Uj\u00ebrave<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[207,205,213],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3880","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-national","category-news","category-newsletter"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3880","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3880"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3880\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3880"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3880"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3880"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}