{"id":6054,"date":"2021-06-04T10:18:22","date_gmt":"2021-06-04T08:18:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/demo.shukalb.al\/?p=6054"},"modified":"2022-11-24T12:44:57","modified_gmt":"2022-11-24T11:44:57","slug":"alternativat-e-agregimit-ne-sektorin-e-ujesjelles-kanalizimeve-ne-shqiperi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/?p=6054&lang=sq","title":{"rendered":"Alternativat e agregimit n\u00eb Sektorin e Uj\u00ebsjell\u00ebs Kanalizimeve n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3586\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3586\" style=\"width: 273px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/shukalb.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/N.-Shani_re_elected.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3586\" src=\"http:\/\/shukalb.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/N.-Shani_re_elected-273x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"273\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3586\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>Ndri\u00e7im Shani, Kryetar i Entit Rregullator t\u00eb Ujit<\/em><br \/><em>Foto nga ERRU<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Sektori i UK n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i fragmentarizuar me 57 shoq\u00ebri UK, ku vet\u00ebm 2 prej tyre (Tirana dhe Durr\u00ebsi) mbulojn\u00eb rreth 40% t\u00eb numrit t\u00eb konsumator\u00ebve. Sektori ka nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme q\u00eb t\u00eb agregohet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitoj\u00eb nga ekonomia e shkall\u00ebs, e cila ul kostot e operimit, rrit cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e sh\u00ebrbimeve, mund\u00ebson staf m\u00eb t\u00eb kualifikuar dhe gjeneron m\u00eb shum\u00eb likuiditete n\u00eb p\u00ebrballimin e emergjencave dhe nevojave p\u00ebr investime fizike n\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb strategjin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb financimit t\u00eb sektorit t\u00eb UK vler\u00ebsohet dhe parashikohet q\u00eb n\u00eb shtrirjen e 22 viteve mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballohet nga buxheti i shtetit vlera e m\u00eb pak se 50% e nevojave p\u00ebr investime n\u00eb sektor. S\u00eb shpejti pritet q\u00eb vendi yn\u00eb t\u00eb hap\u00eb negociatat p\u00ebr pranimin n\u00eb Bashkimin Europian, proces i cili do t\u00eb shoq\u00ebrohet me alokim fondesh t\u00eb konsiderueshme p\u00ebr sektorin e ujit me q\u00ebllim p\u00ebrmbushjen e k\u00ebrkesave legjislative acquis t\u00eb K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs p\u00ebr ujin.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb sektor i fragmentarizuar ka kapacitete t\u00eb kufizuara p\u00ebr p\u00ebrthithjen e k\u00ebtyre fondeve te karakterit strategjik. Referuar periudh\u00ebs menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas hyrjes n\u00eb BE n\u00eb Bullgari dhe Rumani, p\u00ebrthithja e k\u00ebtyre fondeve nga nj\u00eb sektor i fragmentarizuar b\u00ebhej me v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi, dhe n\u00eb fund veprat e nd\u00ebrtuara rezultuan me kosto mjaft t\u00eb larta p\u00ebr O&amp;M.<\/p>\n<p>Realisht n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb faz\u00ebs s\u00eb tranzicionit, megjith\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet e b\u00ebra, nuk jan\u00eb realizuar agregime me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb suksesshme n\u00eb sektor. Agregimi n\u00eb vetvete \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb proces kompleks e delikat ku nd\u00ebrthuren mjaft faktor\u00eb objektiv\u00eb dhe subjektiv\u00eb, por n\u00eb themel t\u00eb realizimit t\u00eb suksessh\u00ebm t\u00eb tij q\u00ebndron konkluzioni i studimit t\u00eb b\u00ebshm\u00ebris\u00eb mbi \u201cAgregimin e Sektorit Uj\u00ebsjell\u00ebs Kanalizime n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri\u201d hartuar nga PADECO Co. Ltd se bashku me Valu-Add Management Services (Qershor 2009), n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin konkludohet q\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u201cAgregimi duhet realizuar n\u00eb baza vullnetare dhe me incentiva nga qeveria qendrore\u201d.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin konkluzion \u00ebsht\u00eb arritur edhe n\u00eb draftin e studimit p\u00ebr agregimin e sektorit n\u00eb prill 2020 financuar nga Sekretariati i Shtetit Zviceran p\u00ebr \u00c7\u00ebshtjet Ekonomike (SECO), studim i realizuar me k\u00ebrkes\u00eb t\u00eb Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Infrastruktur\u00ebs dhe Energjis\u00eb (MIE).<\/p>\n<p>Aktualisht ka disa opsione mbi rrug\u00ebt e mundshme t\u00eb agregimit t\u00eb sektorit. Nj\u00ebra nd\u00ebr to \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb <strong><em>sektori t\u00eb agregohet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb agresive dhe t\u00eb menj\u00ebhershme duke tentuar q\u00eb ai t\u00eb jet\u00eb i organizuar n\u00eb nivel komb\u00ebtar<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>me nj\u00eb ose 3-4 shoq\u00ebri UK<\/em><\/strong>. <strong><em>Alternativ\u00eb tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb agregimi t\u00eb realizohet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb graduale<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>me agregime pilot t\u00eb suksesshme <\/em><\/strong>si eksperienca pozitive p\u00ebr agregimin m\u00eb tej t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sektorit.<\/p>\n<p>Duke patur parasysh kompleksitetin e procesit t\u00eb agregimit, si dhe kushtet e sektorit n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb, agregimi i menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm i t\u00eb gjitha shoq\u00ebrive UK ekzistuese n\u00eb nj\u00eb ose disa shoq\u00ebri, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbante n\u00eb vetvete problematikat e m\u00ebposhtme:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Agregimi i menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm dhe me detyrim i shoq\u00ebrive UK do t\u00eb haste n\u00eb pengesa ligjore, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb dhe ato p\u00ebr arsye politike duke r\u00ebn\u00eb ndesh me Ligjin Organik p\u00ebr Qeverisjen Vendore ku p\u00ebrcaktohet qart\u00eb se pushtetet vendore jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimet UK. M\u00ebnjanimi i k\u00ebsaj pengese do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte amendimin e ligjit t\u00eb m\u00ebsip\u00ebrm aprovuar nga jo m\u00eb pak se 3\/5 e votave t\u00eb deputeteve, si dhe do t\u00eb haste n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtit\u00eb p\u00ebr c\u00ebnimin e Kart\u00ebs Europiane t\u00eb Autonomis\u00eb Vendore, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb ratifikuar nga parlamenti Shqiptar q\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1999.<\/li>\n<li>Nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri (ose disa) e agreguar do t\u00eb haste mjaft veshtir\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb menaxhuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb centralizuar mbi 850 sisteme t\u00eb pavarura t\u00eb furnizimit me uj\u00eb dhe mbi 300 burime ujore t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb territorin e vendit. Menaxhimi i centralizuar i t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sektorit \u00ebsht\u00eb i rekomanduesh\u00ebm dhe i kufizuar vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr sistemet e prodhimit dhe t\u00eb transmetimit t\u00eb ujit me nj\u00eb num\u00ebr te vog\u00ebl burimesh ujore (me prurje mjaft t\u00eb m\u00ebdha), ku tubacionet e transmetimit p\u00ebrshkruajn\u00eb pothuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb territorin e vendit, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb rasti i Portugalis\u00eb dhe Izraelit. M\u00eb tej menaxhimi i sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb furnizimit me uj\u00eb n\u00eb nivel t\u00eb pushtetit vendor mund t\u00eb realizohet sipas alternativave t\u00eb ndryshme.<\/li>\n<li>Shembuj t\u00eb tjer\u00eb ku sh\u00ebrbimet e furnizimit me uj\u00eb (FU) dhe kanalizimeve t\u00eb uj\u00ebrave t\u00eb ndotura (KUN) ofrohen nga nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri e vetme p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin i hasim gjithashtu n\u00eb vendet anglo saksone, si Irland\u00eb dhe Skoci. Kushtet klimatike dhe format e manaxhimit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve UK jan\u00eb mjaft t\u00eb ndryshme nga tonat dhe do t\u00eb ishte i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb zbatimi i tyre n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb. N\u00eb Irland\u00eb nuk aplikohen tarifa p\u00ebr popullsin\u00eb dhe kostot e O&amp;M subvencionohen nga qeveria qendrore nga taksat. Skocia aplikon tarifa bazuar n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqen e banimit, pra jo mbi baz\u00ebn e volumit t\u00eb ujit t\u00eb P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr k\u00ebto vende nuk kan\u00eb probleme t\u00eb shp\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb ujit p\u00ebr ujitje sepse kan\u00eb kushte t\u00eb favorshme atmosferike me reshje shiu t\u00eb shpeshta dhe me intensitet linear e t\u00eb moderuar. \u00a0K\u00ebto vende gjithashtu nuk kan\u00eb probleme t\u00eb aplikimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb tarife unike p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin q\u00eb mund t\u00eb c\u00ebnoj\u00eb kriterin e p\u00ebrballueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb pages\u00ebs s\u00eb fatur\u00ebs si rezultat i diferencave t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura n\u00eb rajone t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb vendit.<\/li>\n<li>N\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb \u00e7do shoq\u00ebri UK aplikon tarifat e veta specifike p\u00ebr \u00e7do kategori konsumator\u00ebsh n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e saj te sh\u00ebrbimit. Aktualisht n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb fuqi rreth 57 sisteme tarifash sh\u00ebrbimi UK q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb unifikohen. Vlera mesatare e fatur\u00ebs mujore n\u00eb t\u00eb 57 shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb luhatet nga 350 deri n\u00eb 2000 lek\u00eb\/muaj. P\u00ebr mbulimin e kostove O&amp;M aktuale n\u00eb sektor duhet t\u00eb aplikohet nj\u00eb fatur\u00eb e unifikuar p\u00ebr sektorin n\u00eb vler\u00ebn prej rreth 1,400 lek\u00eb\/muaj. Vlera relativisht e lart\u00eb e fatur\u00ebs s\u00eb unifikuar do t\u00eb krijonte probleme sociale p\u00ebr bashkit\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat aktualisht aplikohen tarifa mjaft t\u00eb ul\u00ebta sidomos p\u00ebr zon\u00ebn verilindore, ku procesit duhet t\u2019i paraprij\u00eb nj\u00eb politik\u00eb subvencionimi t\u00eb tarifave.<\/li>\n<li>Metodologjia aktuale e vendosjes s\u00eb tarifave nga Enti Rregullator i Ujit (ERRU) p\u00ebrcakton p\u00ebr \u00e7do shoq\u00ebri n\u00ebn-tarifa q\u00eb i referohen \u00e7do kostoje t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve, respektivisht, p\u00ebr FU, p\u00ebr KUN, p\u00ebr trajtimin e ujit t\u00eb pijsh\u00ebm, t\u00eb trajtimit t\u00eb UN, si dhe at\u00eb t\u00eb shitjes s\u00eb ujit me shumic\u00eb. T\u00eb pes\u00eb n\u00ebn-tarifat e m\u00ebsip\u00ebrme jan\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr secil\u00ebn nga tre kategorit\u00eb e konsumator\u00ebve, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht, konsumator\u00eb familjare, institucione publike dhe ato private. Sistemi i faturimit i unifikuar do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshij\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha specifikat e ve\u00e7anta t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve p\u00ebr \u00e7do shoq\u00ebri UK\/bashki. Rrjedhimisht, <strong><em>nd\u00ebrtimi i nj\u00eb sistemi faturimi i centralizuar (sofware) p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin do t\u00eb ishte i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u realizuar teknikisht<\/em><\/strong> dhe do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte mjaft koh\u00eb. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, ky sistem do t\u00eb ishte subjekt i nj\u00eb dinamike mjaft t\u00eb shpesht\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimi p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ndryshimit t\u00eb kushteve t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve n\u00eb \u00e7do rajon apo nj\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb administrative.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Alternativa tjet\u00ebr do t\u00eb ishte agregimi gradual duke realizuar nj\u00eb ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb agregime pilot t\u00eb sukseshme sipas kriterit \u201cn\u00eb baza vullnetare dhe me incentiva nga qeveria qendrore\u201d.\u00a0 N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast \u00e7do agregim pilot do t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb si shembull ose referenc\u00eb suksesi dhe b\u00ebshm\u00ebrie p\u00ebr planifikimin dhe zbatimin e strategjis\u00eb n\u00eb vite p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sektorin.<\/p>\n<p>Realizimi i k\u00ebtij procesi k\u00ebrkon paraprakisht zhvillimin e nj\u00eb ankete studimore (survey) n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha bashkit\u00eb e vendit p\u00ebr t\u00eb seleksionuar bashkit\u00eb ku \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundshme t\u00eb kryhet nj\u00eb agregim n\u00eb baza vullnetare.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr seleksionimin e 2-3 shembujve pilot rekomandohet q\u00eb t\u00eb kihen parasysh kriteret e m\u00ebposhtme:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>T\u00eb synohen agregime t\u00eb shoq\u00ebrive brenda nj\u00eb qarku, ku kryetar\u00ebt e pushteteve vendore mund\u00ebsisht t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb krahu politik dhe q\u00eb mir\u00ebkuptohen nd\u00ebrmjet tyre.<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht agregimi duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nd\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebrie financiarisht t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme me nj\u00eb ose disa shoq\u00ebri me performanc\u00eb financiare t\u00eb dob\u00ebt.<\/li>\n<li>Nd\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsimin dhe angazhimin paraprak t\u00eb kryetar\u00ebve t\u00eb bashkive n\u00eb lidhje me avantazhet e agregimit (ekonomi e shkall\u00ebs), si m\u00ebnyra m\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar performanc\u00ebn financiare t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb dhe cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e sh\u00ebrbimeve ndaj konsumator\u00ebve.<\/li>\n<li>Agregimi duhet realizuar me vullnet t\u00eb lir\u00eb dhe shoq\u00ebruar me incentiva nga qeveria qendrore. Incentivat do t\u00eb konsistojn\u00eb n\u00eb kompensimin\/subvencionimin p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb tranzitore t\u00eb deficitit financiar t\u00eb kostove t\u00eb O&amp;M t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb dob\u00ebt financiare t\u00eb agreguar, si dhe me incentiva investimesh fizike p\u00ebr zon\u00ebn e re t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb agreguar.<\/li>\n<li>Me iniciativ\u00ebn e qeveris\u00eb qendrore (MIE) bashkit\u00eb\/shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb UK e seleksionuara p\u00ebr agregim t\u00eb suksessh\u00ebm t\u00eb firmosin marr\u00ebveshjet paraprake t\u00eb dakord\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr agregim, sipas nj\u00eb draft modeli t\u00eb parap\u00ebrgatitur.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Zbatimi i k\u00ebtij procesi k\u00ebrkon domosdoshm\u00ebrisht mb\u00ebshtetjen me sh\u00ebrbime konsulente t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb mbledhin informacionin e nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr performanc\u00ebn e secil\u00ebs shoq\u00ebri, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb dhe nevojat p\u00ebr investime fizike n\u00eb to. M\u00eb tej duhen hartuar studime dhe raporte t\u00eb shkurtra p\u00ebr secilin agregim, me tarifat e pritshme pas agregimit, si edhe detaje t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebr zbatimin n\u00eb praktik\u00eb t\u00eb secilit rast pilot t\u00eb seleksionuar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Sektori i UK n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i fragmentarizuar me 57 shoq\u00ebri UK, ku vet\u00ebm 2 prej tyre (Tirana dhe Durr\u00ebsi) mbulojn\u00eb rreth 40% t\u00eb numrit t\u00eb konsumator\u00ebve.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[281],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-burimi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6054"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6054\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shukalb.al\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}